Basic and general care of Bonsai

Keep in mind that the climate change, even if it comes from our own city, as well as the change of hands that take care of it, the irrigations, fertilizers, orientation, etc. they can create considerable stress on the tree that most of the time they show in a logical way with these symptoms, in the meantime you should keep in mind some things:
Interior or exterior?

Our trees should preferably always live outside the home except in some cases:
It protects, only in winter, or when temperatures drop below 8 - 10º, the species with a warm climate ( las Carmonas, Ficus, Serisas ...) in a small greenhouse that you can make yourself, for example by covering a shelf with bubble wrap. You can also use a small room that is very illuminated, ventilated and isolated from the house, but if it is not enough, or you do not have the place or the means, you can also have them inside the house, I repeat, only in winter, always looking for a place away from the heating.
Also avoid places where the tree will suffer too much movement (for example, on a table in the form of a decorative vase), the bustle of people, noises, knocks and bad fumes can also be harmful.

Therefore, in the case of "indoor trees":
Make sure your bonsai has a quiet place to live and where you don´t have to touch it too much, a humid, ventilated and cool place, and sunnier or brighter possible, for example in a greenhouse, near a window or in a gallery, kitchen ...
If you leave your tree near a window make sure that the sun does not shine through the windows, These can enhance the sun´s rays and burn leaves.
To create In a humid environment you can use a humidifier or put a larger tray with river pebbles and water under the pot. This will create a humid microclimate around the tree that will recreate, as far as possible, its place of origin.
And remember : Avoid heating especially.
In spring, summer and autumn ... trees outside the home.
For the rest of the trees, those that can live perfectly all year round outside the home: Olivos, Aligustres, Elms or Zelkovas, Mulberries, Figs, Conifers, Fruit trees ... the care is not complicated at all:
-Limit yourself to find a sunny place for them, especially in winter, to live all year round. Keep in mind that if your tree has a pot that is too small, (15x10 for example), you should protect it from the great summer sunstrokes. The sun will dry the earth every day, the smallest roots will die and the tree will never get ahead, so you must bear in mind that the place that you are going to allocate is a semi-sunny place where it receives its good dose of sun per day but without excesses. Three or four hours in the morning will suffice.
-And remember that the place where you are going to put it must be a place where you are not going to move it too much.

How do I water?
You never water by immersion. There are people who subject their trees to brutal states of drought, believing that they later compensate by watering by immersion, badly done. Why?
-If the earth dries up the smallest roots, those in charge of feeding our tree, too. The earth undergoes dilations and then they break, and of course, they die.
-Immersion irrigation soaks the earth too much and if the pot does not get rid of so much water quickly, the earth runs the risk of rotting and the roots remain healthy Also.
-We increase the risk of spreading pests.
-All this slows down the growth of the tree and then what happens happens, that the tree dies and we wonder why.
It is better to water little a little and several times a week depending on each species, always on top, with a small watering can or bottle.
It is not advisable to water with tap water due to the high level of lime. Also depending on the water in your city. There are better ones and there are worse ones.
To feed our bonsai the most recommended is bottled water, or better yet, rain water, and if you do not have both and want to use tap water, a solution to eliminate its chlorine is to let it rest for a minimum of twenty-four hours in a bucket or bottle without a lid so that the chlorine evaporates and the lime settles at the bottom.

When do I water?
A formula to find out if our bonsai needs water consists of pinching the earth with the thumb and index fingers, if the earth is caked this means that it still has the necessary degree of humidity, then we can not water, or water a little, depending on the needs of the species. If the earth melts between your fingers, it is undoubtedly dry and needs water, but it will also depend on each species. The olive tree, for example, supports very well a semi-dry soil and with a very minimum degree of humidity, especially in the winter months.
It also gives good results to observe the soil